![]() ![]() The map may include cross sections to illustrate the three-dimensional interpretation. The maps and reports created by geological survey organisations generally aim for geographic continuity and completeness in establishing the spatial patterns of near-surface rock units. A geological survey map typically superimposes the surveyed extent and boundaries of geological units on a topographic map, together with information at points and lines. ![]() Contours are imag-inary lines that join points of equal elevation on the surface of the land above or below a reference surface, such as mean sea level. The distinctive character-istic of a topographic map is that the shape of the Earth’s surface is shown by contour lines. Such surveys may be undertaken by state, province, or national geological survey organizations to maintain the geological inventory and advance the knowledge of geosciences for the benefit of the nation. Terms in the GRI glossary were prepared by GRI report authors or adapted from primary sources, including: Bates, R. mapis a representation of the Earth, or part of it. Geological surveying employs techniques from the traditional walk-over survey, studying outcrops and landforms, to intrusive methods, such as hand augering and machine-driven boreholes, to the use of geophysical techniques and remote sensing methods, such as aerial photography and satellite imagery. Geological survey A geological survey is the systematic investigation of the geology beneath a given piece of ground for the purpose of creating a geological map or model. ![]()
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